https://old.hacdc.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Ashfixit 2026-05-07T12:07:40Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.39.3 https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3562 2010-07-09T15:36:01Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Applications */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** bass pickups<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> * strip wire<br /> * and don't nick the conductor<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> *** quartz floodlight, sterno, propane or mean stare. <br /> ** but not too hot - see blue smoke lab<br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** yes it's hot stupid.<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> <br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> &lt;math&gt;\operator {work} (V) =<br /> \frac {1}{2} <br /> 2)Cv^2 &lt;/math&gt; Hmm.. no teX support here.<br /> <br /> ====Applications====<br /> *Filters<br /> **Decoupling - Ripple rejection<br /> **Blocking - DC Bias rejection<br /> **Use in networks - equalization networks<br /> *Storage<br /> **Pump and dump - Photoflash.<br /> **Tank application - DC - DC converters<br /> *Esoteric<br /> **Sensors - Strain gauge<br /> **Microphones - Old school<br /> **nonlinear math - Calculating logs/exponents. <br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3561 2010-07-09T15:33:38Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Capacitor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** bass pickups<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> * strip wire<br /> * and don't nick the conductor<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> *** quartz floodlight, sterno, propane or mean stare. <br /> ** but not too hot - see blue smoke lab<br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** yes it's hot stupid.<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> <br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> &lt;math&gt;\operator {work} (V) =<br /> \frac {1}{2} <br /> 2)Cv^2 &lt;/math&gt; Hmm.. no teX support here.<br /> <br /> =Applications=<br /> *Filters<br /> **<br /> **Decoupling - Ripple rejection<br /> **Blocking - Bias blocking<br /> **Use in networks - equalization networks<br /> *Storage<br /> **Pump and dump - Photoflash.<br /> **Tank application - DC - DC converters<br /> *Esoteric<br /> **Sensors - Strain gauge<br /> **Microphones - Old school<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3560 2010-07-09T15:27:11Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Capacitor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** bass pickups<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> * strip wire<br /> * and don't nick the conductor<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> *** quartz floodlight, sterno, propane or mean stare. <br /> ** but not too hot - see blue smoke lab<br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** yes it's hot stupid.<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> <br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> &lt;math&gt;W = (1/2)Cv^2 &lt;/math&gt;<br /> <br /> =Applications=<br /> *Filters<br /> **<br /> **Decoupling - Ripple rejection<br /> **Blocking - Bias blocking<br /> **Use in networks - equalization networks<br /> *Storage<br /> **Pump and dump - Photoflash.<br /> **Tank application - DC - DC converters<br /> *Esoteric<br /> **Sensors - Strain gauge<br /> **Microphones - Old school<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3559 2010-07-09T15:26:52Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Capacitor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** bass pickups<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> * strip wire<br /> * and don't nick the conductor<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> *** quartz floodlight, sterno, propane or mean stare. <br /> ** but not too hot - see blue smoke lab<br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** yes it's hot stupid.<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> &lt;math&gt;W = (1/2)Cv^2&lt;/math&gt;<br /> <br /> =Applications=<br /> *Filters<br /> **<br /> **Decoupling - Ripple rejection<br /> **Blocking - Bias blocking<br /> **Use in networks - equalization networks<br /> *Storage<br /> **Pump and dump - Photoflash.<br /> **Tank application - DC - DC converters<br /> *Esoteric<br /> **Sensors - Strain gauge<br /> **Microphones - Old school<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3556 2010-07-07T19:25:09Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Wire */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** bass pickups<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> * strip wire<br /> * and don't nick the conductor<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> *** quartz floodlight, sterno, propane or mean stare. <br /> ** but not too hot - see blue smoke lab<br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** yes it's hot stupid.<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3555 2010-07-07T19:22:48Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Soldering */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> *** quartz floodlight, sterno, propane or mean stare. <br /> ** but not too hot - see blue smoke lab<br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** yes it's hot stupid.<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3554 2010-07-07T19:04:02Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Electromagnetics */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Permanent magnets useful - locked domains<br /> ** Ferro materials, Ni, Co, Sr, Rb, Nb, Nd, Cr and Fe.<br /> ** Except when they aren't - curie temperature.<br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> ** EM spectrum<br /> *** DC, ELF, SLF (submarines, blue whales), AF, LF,HF, (Short wave), VHF, UHF, Microwave, weird stuff, gamma rays (the incredible hulk, gian ants).<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3553 2010-07-07T18:47:27Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Soldering */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection.<br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> ** Ethanol/Methanol/SLX<br /> ** Flux/Rosin/Dry<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> ** Tip should be immaculate and bright<br /> * Heat both parts until hot<br /> ** Cheat, use another heating element <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> *Splice practice<br /> ** Western Union Splice<br /> ** Pigtail Splice<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Speakermaking lab==<br /> materials:<br /> * junk wire, lots of it<br /> * magnet ( stronger is better )<br /> <br /> Test stuff:<br /> * multimeter <br /> * signal generator, (or music source) <br /> * power amp <br /> <br /> Construction:<br /> * Make coil of wire 24ga 1&quot; dia, 50-400 turns.<br /> ** use a form, marker, tp tube, pvc pipe<br /> ** Measure impedance &gt; 1.5 ohm<br /> * Stick coil of wire to diaphram<br /> * Make stator/armature<br /> ** stick magnet to something - not too ferrous<br /> * stick diaphram near armature (correct axis??)<br /> * connect to amplifier; apply Rock!<br /> <br /> Exercises for suckers: <br /> * Use the lentz law to calculate the force generated by thingy.<br /> * Why 8ohm speakers in the house?<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3552 2010-07-07T18:30:50Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Wire */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Condunctor vs. Insulators<br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> ** Lentz law<br /> ** Siemens, mho, ohms<br /> <br /> ==Electromagnetics==<br /> * Einstein's &quot;spukhafte Fernwirkung&quot;<br /> * Quantum Electrodynamics <br /> ** Electron and photons interact - somehow<br /> * Gauss, Maxwell and <br /> * Hall effect - sensing - spaceship drives<br /> * Motors, linear, rotary, vibrational, direct ( magnetohydrodynamic) <br /> * Radios<br /> ** EM probe demo<br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3538 2010-06-30T17:25:00Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Metering */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> * Should be a VOM - Volt Ohm Meter<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** or perhaps Diode check; or even beeping<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together -loopback test<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> ** Try AC mains!! - safety second.<br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3537 2010-06-30T17:20:39Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Electronics Class */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> (see also: our [[Suppliers|Suppliers page]])&lt;br /&gt;<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Digital_Multimeter.jpg|200px]][[File:Analog_Multimeter.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/7-function-digital-multimeter-92020.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Soldering_iron.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/30-watt-120-volt-soldering-iron-47887.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Solder.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Solder ( 22ga )<br /> **[http://www.harborfreight.com/lead-free-rosin-core-solder-95861.html Source: Harbor Freight]<br /> **[http://www.radioshack.com/product/index.jsp?productId=2062712 Source: Radio Shack]<br /> **Or ANYWHERE, really.<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Breadboard.jpg|200px]]<br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> **[http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/BusBoard-Prototype-Systems/BB400/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMskUkxWo/qA8g6E2/%252b0L/2p Source: Mouser]<br /> **[http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&amp;name=438-1045-ND Source: Digi-Key]<br /> ----<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> ----<br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> ----<br /> * Resistors 10kohm<br /> ----<br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> ----<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * leds (various)<br /> ----<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> ----<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> ----<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> <br /> <br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3518 2010-06-23T20:14:25Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> <br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> Recently robotics have become accessible to experimenters. Bluto cuts, welds and hugs. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/4/47/Cadfab.jpg]] Welding robots!<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3517 2010-06-23T20:12:23Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> [[file:foo.jpg]]<br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Cadfab.jpg&diff=3516 2010-06-23T20:12:03Z

<p>Ashfixit: Chad and Bluto</p> <hr /> <div>Chad and Bluto</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3515 2010-06-23T19:14:27Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Electronics Class */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3514 2010-06-23T19:11:52Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Electronics Class */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3513 2010-06-23T19:11:12Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Required Materials */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Multimeter $4<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w) $10<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] ) $10<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear $1<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor $.03<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3512 2010-06-23T19:08:03Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics. In which we map the techniques available to hackers and their surrounding requisite building blocks. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> My hacking started with music and production. it wasn't exacly the tech; more for the the ride.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> Complicated behaviour arises from iteration of simple models. Learning how to operate something like this is simpler and more subtle than it looks.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> Easier to see is block diagram form; a gestural view of a complex system. WMUC recording suites and broadcast control rooms. Computing.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> Why study DC/baseband/RF electronics; anachronism?<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof. <br /> Space shuttle shots; APRS , RACES, field day. Social technical effects require proficiency. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> Small systems scale into big ones. 40,000 people at Operation ceasefire (united for peace&amp; justice) '05 at the national mall. Standing between SS, Park police and thousands of protesters.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> No always smooth sailing.<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> Building whimsey.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> Computer control over physical objects. microcontrollers + christmas tree lights. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> Not always smooth. Electrical compatibility != political compatability<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> More small systems iterated. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> DIY Ignition source in Berlin. in a pinch you don't need a parts catalog. <br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> Apologies to Dakami<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> Simple systems, RC control, Robots and igniters.<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3507 2010-06-21T23:44:40Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] mars needs bolts<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr - phear the transaxle<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3506 2010-06-21T23:40:11Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images form a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/thumb/9/99/Wheatstone.jpg/800px-Wheatstone.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/b9/Mixerschem.png]] signal diagram<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/a/a3/Roofchill.png]] chill on the roof<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/e/ea/W3eaxtower.png]] W3EAX tower<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d7/Ceasefirestage.jpeg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/3/30/Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg]] ceasefire 40k<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/b/bf/Dancepanel.jpeg]] lightup dance floor<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/f/f3/Dancectll.jpeg]] dance floor controller<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/2/2c/Hhr.png]] hhr<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/c/cc/Igniterschem.jpeg]] fireworks diagram<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/9/91/Igniterface.jpeg]] igniter controller<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/d/d1/Fireworkscrates.jpeg]] fireworks crates<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Fireworkscrates.jpeg&diff=3505 2010-06-21T23:39:36Z

<p>Ashfixit: surely club-mate is packed in self exinguishing materials.</p> <hr /> <div>surely club-mate is packed in self exinguishing materials.</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Hhr.png&diff=3504 2010-06-21T23:37:41Z

<p>Ashfixit: hhr</p> <hr /> <div>hhr</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Igniterface.jpeg&diff=3503 2010-06-21T23:36:32Z

<p>Ashfixit: clear labels</p> <hr /> <div>clear labels</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Igniterschem.jpeg&diff=3502 2010-06-21T23:30:00Z

<p>Ashfixit: ideas creep up on one.</p> <hr /> <div>ideas creep up on one.</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Dancectll.jpeg&diff=3501 2010-06-21T23:28:06Z

<p>Ashfixit: ldance floor controller with micro</p> <hr /> <div>ldance floor controller with micro</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Dancepanel.jpeg&diff=3500 2010-06-21T23:26:42Z

<p>Ashfixit: lit dance floor on the cheap</p> <hr /> <div>lit dance floor on the cheap</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Ceasefirecrowd.jpeg&diff=3499 2010-06-21T23:23:45Z

<p>Ashfixit: rock &#039;n rollees</p> <hr /> <div>rock 'n rollees</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Ceasefirestage.jpeg&diff=3498 2010-06-21T23:22:17Z

<p>Ashfixit: rock &#039;n roll</p> <hr /> <div>rock 'n roll</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:W3eaxtower.png&diff=3497 2010-06-21T23:20:53Z

<p>Ashfixit: not me in the harness this time</p> <hr /> <div>not me in the harness this time</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Roofchill.png&diff=3496 2010-06-21T23:19:43Z

<p>Ashfixit: it&#039;s nice on the roof</p> <hr /> <div>it's nice on the roof</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Mixerschem.png&diff=3495 2010-06-21T23:18:49Z

<p>Ashfixit: cartoon mixer schematic</p> <hr /> <div>cartoon mixer schematic</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Wheatstone.jpg&diff=3494 2010-06-21T22:50:04Z

<p>Ashfixit: broadcast console</p> <hr /> <div>broadcast console</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3493 2010-06-21T22:48:58Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images accompany a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/5/5c/Wmuc_main.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> *[[http://]] chill on the roof<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] W3EAX tower<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] lightup dance floor<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] dance floor controller<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] ceasefire 40k <br /> *[[http://]] fireworks diagram<br /> *[[http://]] igniter controller<br /> *[[http://]] fireworks crates<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://]] hhr<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Wmuc_main.jpg&diff=3492 2010-06-21T22:46:48Z

<p>Ashfixit: wmuc&#039;s main studio. I&#039;m notably absent while hiding in one of the control room.</p> <hr /> <div>wmuc's main studio. I'm notably absent while hiding in one of the control room.</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3491 2010-06-21T22:45:07Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> These images accompany a slide show and a gestalt introduction to electronics.<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] wheatstone broadcast console<br /> *[[http://]] chill on the roof<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] W3EAX tower<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] lightup dance floor<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] dance floor controller<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] WMUC main studio<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] ceasefire stage<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]] ceasefire 40k <br /> *[[http://]] fireworks diagram<br /> *[[http://]] igniter controller<br /> *[[http://]] fireworks crates<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://]] hhr<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3490 2010-06-21T22:35:10Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> *[[http://wiki.hacdc.org/images/8/82/Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3489 2010-06-21T22:33:59Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> *[[file:Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3488 2010-06-21T22:32:51Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> *[[http://Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3487 2010-06-21T22:30:14Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> *[[File:Mindmap.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Mindmap.jpg&diff=3486 2010-06-21T22:27:40Z

<p>Ashfixit: just a core dump of what&#039;s left of Ash&#039;s tech tree mind map.</p> <hr /> <div>just a core dump of what's left of Ash's tech tree mind map.</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=3485 2010-06-21T22:25:17Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* tease */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> === tease ===<br /> *[[File:Example.jpg]]mindmap<br /> *[[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_KqHQ-3WDqyk/SFqH25qqRwI/AAAAAAAAAS0/sJ2S8ppcBWQ/s1600-h/1055943372_295788412e.jpg]] wm greek fire<br /> *[[http://images.spaceref.com/news/2003/09.06.03.noaa-n.med.jpg]] needs bolts<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Power==<br /> *Measured in watts (usally)<br /> * .01w laser pointer<br /> * .25w cell phone<br /> * 1w <br /> * 15w car stereo<br /> * 25w soldering iron<br /> * 100w light bulb<br /> * 1500w hair dryer<br /> * 200 horsepower (750w/hp)<br /> * 3 tons of Air conditioner capacity (3.5kw/ton)<br /> *The notion of instant work<br /> *Energy or work is expressed in joules (watt*second). Or perhaps (Kw*H)<br /> *Power(watts) = Current (Amps) * Volts<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> * Magnetic and Electric fields surround an energized wire (what?!)<br /> * And wire will respond with current when moved through magnetic flux<br /> <br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Printed Circuits==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical relay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ===little amplifierlab===<br /> *class A amp<br /> *DC blocking caps<br /> *bias resistors<br /> *fixed gain<br /> *inverted waveform <br /> <br /> ==Digital Logic==<br /> * AND C = A &amp; B<br /> * OR C = A | B<br /> * NOT C = !A<br /> * NOR C = !(A|B)<br /> * NAND C = !(A&amp;B)<br /> * MUX C = select A(n) based on B(n)<br /> <br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=1852 2009-02-18T21:33:57Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Capacitor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> ==Relays/Switches==<br /> Codespeak <br /> * SPDT - single pole dual throw<br /> * DPST - dual pole single throw<br /> * 4P10T - ???<br /> <br /> - Map this mystery switchLab<br /> Electromechanical relay is a switch that's controlled electrically.<br /> ===pros===<br /> * Easy to design for<br /> * debugging (listen for satisfying click)<br /> * excelent isolation <br /> * high power control/$<br /> ===cons===<br /> * high drive current (mostly)<br /> * noisy (mostly)<br /> * slow <br /> * moving parts (eeew) <br /> [http://ecommas.tycoelectronics.com/commerce/DocumentDelivery/DDEController?Action=showdoc&amp;DocId=Data+Sheet%7F1308242_T77%7F1104%7Fpdf%7FEnglish%7FENG_DS_1308242_T77_1104.pdf a typical replay]<br /> - map this mystery relay lab<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Capt.png&diff=1851 2009-02-18T21:19:55Z

<p>Ashfixit: capacitor vs. time</p> <hr /> <div>capacitor vs. time</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=1850 2009-02-18T21:19:21Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Capacitor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [[Image:capt.png]]<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=1849 2009-02-18T20:53:40Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Capacitor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap<br /> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor wikipedia capacitor]<br /> <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Diodeiv.png&diff=1843 2009-02-11T16:46:29Z

<p>Ashfixit: iv curve for diode and resistor with damage thresholds, forward and reverse voltages</p> <hr /> <div>iv curve for diode and resistor with damage thresholds, forward and reverse voltages</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=1842 2009-02-11T16:41:57Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Diode */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> [[Image:diodeiv.png]]<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> * a favorite led [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=1841 2009-02-11T16:19:12Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Resistor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.png]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=File:Resistoriv.png&diff=1840 2009-02-11T16:18:20Z

<p>Ashfixit: iv curve for a resistor, showing symmetry formulae and damage threshold</p> <hr /> <div>iv curve for a resistor, showing symmetry formulae and damage threshold</div>

Ashfixit https://old.hacdc.org/index.php?title=ElectronicsClass&diff=1839 2009-02-11T16:16:14Z

<p>Ashfixit: /* Resistor */</p> <hr /> <div>= Electronics Class =<br /> This class is targeted at the beginner who wants to learn electronics. It would make a fine prerequisite to the [[Microcontroller Course]] or the [[HAMClass]]<br /> <br /> ==Required Materials==<br /> * Soldering Iron (25-30w)<br /> * Solder ( 22ga ) <br /> * Bread Board ( or [[AshClassBoard]] )<br /> * wire 24ga <br /> * 30ga solid core wire<br /> * Resistors 10kohm <br /> * variable resistor 10kohm linear<br /> * switch [[http://www.mouser.com/search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=JTMHOUw%252b%2fhkyoxmWRloCXw%3d%3d]]<br /> * leds (various)<br /> * capacitor 470uf (ish) [[http://www.mouser.com/Search/ProductDetail.aspx?qs=Dj1PTMaP5uJBsuYHd%252b9oGQ%3d%3d]]<br /> * pn2222 transistor <br /> * lm386 audio amplifier ic<br /> * 1/8 male phono jack<br /> <br /> Read The Fine Data Sheet: They hide secrets in the documentation.<br /> <br /> ==Metering==<br /> There are many like it but this one is mine.<br /> * Naming of parts<br /> ** metering modes<br /> *** restistance - Ohms of resistance<br /> *** voltage - Volts<br /> *** Current - Amps/Milliamps - check the leads<br /> *** diode check - see [Diodes]<br /> ** leads - plugged into the right ports? <br /> * Continuity testing<br /> ** set the meter to the lowest resistance mode (200ohms or auto resistance)<br /> ** reads &quot;off scale&quot; when the leads are unconnected, this is an open circuit<br /> ** firmly touch leads together<br /> ** reads near 0 if the leads are crossed <br /> * Voltage testing<br /> ** set meter to 20Vdc or VautoDC<br /> ** touch leads to metered points<br /> ** the reading on the meter is the difference in voltages between the leads<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Soldering==<br /> Hold the cold end.<br /> Soldering ( for our purposes ) is the process of joining electrical contacts with a low melting point metal to make a mechanically and electrically strong connection. <br /> * Restrain long hair/clothing/jewelry.<br /> * Clean both parts of waxes, oils or debris.<br /> * Mechanically fit connections together<br /> * Clean and wet the iron<br /> * Heat both parts until hot <br /> * Apply just enough solder to wet the contact surfaces<br /> * Wait for the connection to shine smoothly<br /> * remove the iron an test the connection<br /> ** the meter should find near 0 ohms of resistance between the two parts even when mechanically stressed.<br /> ** the meter should read &quot;off scale&quot; to everything that should be isolated<br /> <br /> ====SwitchLab====<br /> * use the continuity meter to diagram the electrical layout of the switch.<br /> * solder switch to the board.<br /> * test under power with meter voltage setting<br /> <br /> ==Wire==<br /> The basic wire is a pipe through which electrons can flow from the lowest voltage side to the highest ([[wikipedia:Electric current#Conventional current|conventional current]]) up to the physical limits of the wire.<br /> <br /> * Current limit via wire gauge [http://www.powerstream.com/Wire_Size.htm]<br /> * Voltage limit via insulation.<br /> =====BlueSmokeLab=====<br /> Get this out of the way early (and often)<br /> * turn off the switch<br /> * Solder the 30ga wire ends on to the lab 0 area<br /> * stow fingers away from wire<br /> * turn on switch<br /> <br /> ==Resistor==<br /> Not like the NYC variety<br /> Resistors impede the flow of electrons across them; usually to protect components from excessive current.<br /> <br /> [[Image:resistoriv.svg]]<br /> <br /> * [[wikipedia:Ohm's_law|Ohm's law]]<br /> * Diagonal IV curve.<br /> * symmetric<br /> =====ResistorLab=====<br /> * solder resistors, meter and record;<br /> * compare to ohms law math <br /> ====Diode====<br /> =====ScaryDataSheetLab=====<br /> [http://www.vishay.com/docs/83012/83012.pdf]<br /> * LED ( Light emitting diode ) are diodes with a clear case.<br /> * electrons only permitted to flow in one direction: cathode to anode<br /> ** there are exceptions [diode breakdown voltage]<br /> * discontinuous IV curve<br /> * diode logic<br /> * the cathode is marked<br /> * the diode check function of the meter can reveal the correct polarity of a mystery diode with a suspect cathode mark.<br /> <br /> ==Light Emitting Diode==<br /> * the short lead is the cathode<br /> * LED's need current limiting (see [[ElectronicsClass#BlueSmokeLab|BlueSmokeLab]])<br /> =====LEDLab=====<br /> * solder in 1kOhm resistor for the led , although you may use another if you can justify the value<br /> * Solder in the LED, with the short lead towards the ground.<br /> <br /> ==Motor==<br /> ==Capacitor==<br /> 470uf electrolytic cap <br /> ==Transistor==<br /> PN2222 N channel transistor<br /> ==IC==<br /> LM386 Audio Amplifier [http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM386.html]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Classes]]</div>

Ashfixit